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Oxygen therapy
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What is a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC)?
WHAT IS A HIGH-FLOW NASAL CANNULA (HFNC)? WHAT IS A HIGH-FLOW NASAL CANNULA (HFNC)? A high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a heated and humidified system that allows prescribed fraction of inspired oxygen (F I O 2) levels to be delivered at very high flow rates.
What is the typical flow rate of a traditional nasal cannula?
Traditional nasal cannula delivers flow rates of 2鈥? L / min. However, patients with respiratory distress can have much higher peak inspiratory flow rates which can cause the patient to entrain room air into the lungs. This can result into an oxygen dilution, and the patient will not receive the precise amount of oxygen that is desired.
What is the difference between low flow and high flow cannulas?
A patient in distress with an increase in demand on a low-flow nasal cannula will entrain room air into the lungs, resulting in oxygen dilution. HFNC with higher flow rates will result in greater delivery of oxygen into the lungs, thus producing less entrainment of room air.
What are the indications for a high flow nasal cannula?
The data for the use of high-flow nasal cannula is growing, and currently, some of the main adult indications include hypoxemic respiratory failure due to pneumonia, post-extubation, pre-oxygenation prior to intubation, acute pulmonary edema, and use in patients who are do not resuscitate or intubate.